A rectal prolapse happens when part of the rectum, the lowest part of the bowel, slips down and protrudes through the anus. It can range from a small internal prolapse to a full-thickness prolapse that comes outside, often when straining or opening the bowels. It is more common in older adults, particularly women. While it can be distressing, it can be treated effectively, and an assessment confirms the type and the best approach.
What causes Rectal Prolapse?
Weak pelvic support
the tissues holding the rectum in place stretch or weaken
Ageing
the supporting muscles naturally weaken over time
Childbirth
previous deliveries can contribute
Long-term straining
chronic constipation and straining play a part
Pelvic floor changes
often linked with other pelvic floor problems
When to seek assessment promptly
- A lump that comes out of the back passage, especially on straining
- Mucus discharge or leakage
- Difficulty controlling the bowels
- A feeling of incomplete emptying
- Symptoms that are worsening or affecting daily life
How it is treated
Treatment depends on the type of prolapse, your symptoms and your general health. For milder cases, measures to avoid straining and to strengthen the pelvic floor can help. When surgery is the right option, approaches include a keyhole (laparoscopic) operation through the abdomen to lift and secure the rectum, or a procedure carried out through the back passage. Mr Kimble discusses which approach suits you best, and many people notice a clear improvement in comfort and bowel control afterwards, with clear aftercare and review during recovery.
Seek prompt medical advice if a prolapse comes out and cannot be pushed back in, or becomes painful or discoloured, as this needs timely assessment.